Pro Patria: Jurnal Pendidikan, Kewarganegaraan, Hukum, Sosial, dan Politik

KESADARAN HUKUM MASYARAKAT PADA TINDAK PIDANA POLITIK UANG DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PEMILU DAN PILKADA TAHUN 2024 DI KARAWANG

2025-03-07T03:23:52+00:00

Democracy in the government system is very dependent on the General Election (Pemilu) mechanism which upholds the principles of transparency and equality, where elections are an important instrument to accommodate people's aspirations and ensure the change of power in a dignified manner. However, the dirty practice that often surrounds the democratic process is the phenomenon of Money Politics or Transactional Politics, which can be defined as a systematic effort to influence voter preferences through material compensation, whether in the form of cash, goods or promises of economic value. This practice can significantly weaken the true essence of democracy, namely popular sovereignty. The Indonesian government has anticipated this problem through comprehensive legal instruments, namely regulations related to Money Politics which are contained in a number of laws, especially Law no. 7 of 2017 concerning Elections and Law no. 10 of 2016. Specifically, Article 523 regulates forms of Money Politics violations in three critical phases: the campaign period, the quiet period, and during voting, with legal consequences that have been explicitly formulated in the regulation, aimed at preventing practices that can distort democratic process and undermine the integrity of general elections

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI INVESTOR TERHADAP PRAKTIK FRAUDULENT ACTIVITIES DI PASAR MODAL DAN IMPLEMENTASI SANKSI BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1995 TENTANG PASAR MODAL (Studi Kasus PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk)

2025-03-06T15:54:19+00:00

The capital market plays an important role as a means for companies to raise funds and for individuals to invest, but it is vulnerable to various fraudulent practices, such as financial statement manipulation. One significant case is the manipulation of PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk’s financial statements in 2018, where the company falsely recognized USD 239.94 million in revenue, creating an illusion of profit and harming investors. This study aims to analyze legal protection for investors against fraudulent activities in the capital market and evaluate the relevance of sanctions imposed by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) based on Law Number 8 of 1995 concerning the Capital Market. Using a normative juridical method and a descriptive-analytical approach, the study examines the inconsistency between administrative sanctions imposed and the criminal provisions stipulated in the law. The findings reveal that administrative sanctions such as fines and orders to restate financial statements imposed by OJK fail to provide a deterrent effect and are disproportionate to the harm caused to investors and the integrity of the capital market. Instead, such financial statement manipulation should be classified as a crime under Article 107 of Law Number 8 of 1995, which prescribes criminal penalties such as imprisonment and fines for perpetrators. Furthermore, this study highlights the crucial role of OJK in strengthening supervision and enforcing stricter sanctions to enhance legal protection for investors and maintain public trust in the capital market. Accordingly, the study recommends policy revisions to ensure sanctions are better aligned with the severity of violations and emphasizes the need for improved transparency and accountability of issuers to prevent future manipulation practices

PENCEGAHAN DAN PERLINDUNGAN KEKERASAN ANAK DI SEKOLAH PERSPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 35 TAHUN 2014 DAN PERMENDIKBUD NOMOR 82 TAHUN 2015

2025-03-06T15:55:43+00:00

Abstract

Kasus kekerasan anak di sekolah marak terjadi di Indonesia, kekerasan di dunia pendidikan selalu menjadi sorotan di Tanah Air. Berbagai macam upaya pemerintah dalam mencegah dan melindungi anak dari keekrasan yang terjadi di sekolah seperti pemerintah mengeluarkan Permendikbud Nomor 82 Tahun 2015 tentang Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Tindak Kekerasan di Lingkungan Satuan Pendidikan. Namun kenyataannya kekerasan di sekolah tetap saja masih terjadi. Oleh karena itu, peneliti melakukan penelitian berupa pencegahan dan perlindungan kekerasan terhadap anak di sekolah dengan dikasi menurut peraturan Permendikbud Nomor 82 Tahun 2015 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan, emtode kualitatif dan menggunakan berbagai sumber seperti buku, jurnal, dan peraturn perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian dan kesimpulan bahwa aturan Permendikbud Nomor 82 Tahun 2015 mengatur pencegahan dan penanggulangan kekerasan pada anak di sekolah dan mengatur sanksi jika melakukan pelanggaran berupa kekerasan di lingkungan sekolah, serta Undang Undang Perlindungan Anak berperan positif dalam memberikan jaminan perlindungan terhadap anak atau siswa dalam proses mengikuti pembelajaran dan dampak berkepanjangan dari kekerasan berupa kekerasan fisik, psikologis, dan social.

Keyword: Pencegahan; Perlindungan; Kekerasan Anak; Permendikbud Nomor 82 Tahun 2015; Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014

Penerapan Metode Scaffolding Pada Zone Of Proximal Development (ZPD) Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas X-1 SMAN 6 Kota Tangerang Selatan

2025-03-06T15:57:12+00:00

The objective of this research is to improve the learning outcomes of students in Class X-1 at SMAN 6 Kota Tangerang Selatan through the application of the scaffolding method within the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). The scaffolding method in the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) is a concept of student development proposed by Vygotsky, as noted in Ratnawati Mamin's journal. Vygotsky's concept encompasses two primary aspects of student ability development: actual and potential development abilities (Mamin, 2008, p. 56). These two concepts rely on students' ability to work independently with guidance and direction from adults. Applying the scaffolding method within the ZPD helps students overcome learning difficulties, strengthens their understanding, and significantly enhances their learning outcomes. Students can also gradually progress with appropriate support from teachers, peers, and other resources. The subjects of this research are the teachers and students of Class X-1 at SMAN 6 Kota Tangerang Selatan. This study uses a qualitative approach combined with a quantitative approach through a classroom action research method, as the main objective of classroom action research is to improve and enhance educators' professional services in managing the teaching and learning process. The expected outcome is that the application of the Scaffolding Method within the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) can improve the learning outcomes of Class X-1 students at SMAN 6 Kota Tangerang Selatan.

Efektivitas E-modul Pendidikan Pancasila pada materi NKRI berbasis aplikasi Heyzine Flipbook dalam Meningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa

2025-03-10T05:40:36+00:00

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Pancasila education e-module on the material of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) based on the Heyzine Flipbook application in improving the learning outcomes of class X DKV 1 students of SMKN 3 Kota Serang. The development of e-modules plays an important role in supporting learning success, therefore the Heyzine Flipbook application-based e-module is the right e-module to improve student learning outcomes. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model consisting of five stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection techniques in this study include analysis sheets, validation sheets, student and teacher response questionnaires, practice tests, and learning outcome tests. The analysis techniques used are qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative descriptive analysis. Based on the results of this study, it shows that the Pancasila education e-module on the NKRI material based on the Heyzine Flipbook application is effective in improving the learning outcomes of class X DKV 1 students of SMKN 3 Kota Serang by obtaining a classical completion score of 80% on the test questions.

PARTISIPASI PEMILIH PADA PEMILIHAN GUBERNUR DAN WAKIL GUBERNUR BANTEN TAHUN 2024

2025-03-06T15:59:56+00:00

The Simultaneous Regional Elections (Pilkada) in Indonesia aim to enhance democratic processes by increasing electoral efficiency and effectiveness. Governed by Law No. 10 of 2016, Pilkada allows citizens to directly elect regional leaders, thereby shaping local governance and development. Banten Province, characterized by its unique geographical and demographic conditions, participated in the 2024 Pilkada to elect its Governor and Deputy Governor. With a high urbanization rate, particularly in the Tangerang metropolitan area, and a diverse voter composition, the election dynamics in Banten reflect broader political trends and challenges.

This study employs a qualitative approach to analyze the 2024 Banten gubernatorial election, focusing on voter participation factors and the political implications of the election results. Data collection was conducted through literature reviews of relevant books, scientific journals, official reports, and media sources. The research finds that the election was highly competitive, with two prominent candidate pairs: Airin Rachmi Diany–Ade Sumardi and Andra Soni–Achmad Dimyati Natakusumah. The election results declared Andra Soni and Achmad Dimyati Natakusumah as the winning candidates, securing 55.88% of the votes.

Voter participation reached 66.19%, an improvement compared to previous elections, with Serang Regency recording the highest turnout (73.76%) and South Tangerang City the lowest (57.08%). Female voters dominated participation at 53.18%, while disabled voters had a significantly lower turnout at only 36.98%. The study suggests that election organizers, particularly the Banten Provincial General Election Commission (KPU), should conduct targeted outreach in low-turnout areas and provide better accessibility for disabled voters to enhance electoral participation in future elections.

PARTISIPASI PEREMPUAN DALAM KEPEMIMPINAN SEBAGAI KEPALA DESA DI DESA PANCANEGARA KECAMATAN PABUARAN KABUPATEN SERANG BANTEN

2025-03-10T07:46:16+00:00

ABSTRACT

This research was conducted in Pancanegara Village, Pabuaran District, Serang Regency, with the aim of 1) To find out the low number of women in village government leadership. 2) To find out what are the challenges of women's participation in the local political process. 3) To find out the strategy of increasing women's participation in local politics.The research method used is descriptive analysis research with a qualitative approavh/information directly from information sources that are considered related to Women’s Participation in Leadership as Village Heads in Pancanegara Village, Pabuaran District, Serang Regency, The informants/resource persons were the Head of Pancanegara Village, Pancanegara Village Staff and several Pancanegara Village communities.

The results of this study show the lack of participation of women in local politics or as village heads in Pancanegara Village. Lack of awareness in the community where the community considers women to be less professional in their work.

The conclusion of this study is that the Village Head has made efforts to increase women's participation in local politics in Pancanegara Village. Village heads and village governments have carried out several activities to increase women's interest in participating in local politics.

Women's Participation, Leadership, Village Head.

PERAN KEPALA DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN PERDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN

2025-03-10T05:23:06+00:00

This research was conducted in Ciputri Village, Kaduhejo District, Pandeglang Regency to determine the Role of the Head of Ciputri Village in Increasing the Awareness of Rural and Urban Land and Building Taxpayers in Ciputri Village, Kaduhejo District, Pandeglang Regency, and to determine the factors that hinder Taxpayers from paying Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax in Ciputri Village, Kaduhejo District, Pandeglang Regency. The research method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data collection methods used in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data processing used in this study is triangulation then analyzed by data reduction, display data, and verification data. The results of this study conclude that Taxpayer Awareness in Ciputri Village has decreased because the realization of PBB-P2 revenues does not match the set target. Factors that hinder Taxpayers from paying PBB-P2 in Ciputri Village are caused by two factors, namely endogenous factors (internal factors) and exogenous factors (external factors). Endogenous factors in the form of low awareness of taxpayers paying PBB-P2 tax are caused by the lack of intention and no willingness of Taxpayers to pay PBB-P2 on time. Exogenous factors are economic factors because taxpayers in Ciputri Village are categorized as poor. The role of the Ciputri Village Head as the leader of the village-level government is as a motivator, who motivates to increase the awareness of the community or residents of Ciputri Village to want to pay PBB-P2 routinely and on time. The Village Head has carried out his role well by carrying out his duties as a motivator where the Village Head always provides encouragement, fosters, and influences villagers who are Taxpayers to pay PBB-P2 on time.