Potensi Penerimaan Perawatan Kesehatan Mental di Antara Orang Dewasa Bukan Lansia Berpenghasilan Rendah Dengan Penyakit Mental

Donny Wiratma Saputro

doi:10.47080/joubahs.v3i01.2464

Donny Wiratma Saputro Universitas Gajah Mada

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47080/joubahs.v3i01.2464

Keywords: Kesehatan Mental, Medicaid, Kebijakan

Abstract

Kesehatan mental menjadi isu hangat di Indonesia khususnya dikalangan dewasa nonlansia sehingga penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji perbedaan dalam penerimaan perawatan kesehatan mental antara orang dewasa nonlansia berpenghasilan rendah yang tidak diasuransikan dengan penyakit mental serius (SMI) yang memenuhi syarat untuk Medicaid di bawah Undang-Undang Keperawatan (ACA) dan Medicaid. Menilai perbedaan-perbedaan ini mungkin memperkirakan dampak dari upaya perluasan Medicaid di bawah ACA pada penerimaan perawatan kesehatan mental di antara orang dewasa bukan-lansia yang tidak diasuransikan dengan SMI. Metode yang dipergunakan mengambil sampel sebanyak 2000 orang berusia 18 hingga 64 tahun yang berpartisipasi dalam Survei Nasional Penggunaan Narkoba dan Kesehatan tahun 2018, memiliki pendapatan di bawah 138% dari tingkat kemiskinan federal, memenuhi kriteria SMI, dan tidak memiliki asuransi (n = 1000) atau memiliki cakupan Medicaid saja (n = 1000). Definisi SMI menurut Alkohol, Penyalahgunaan Narkoba, dan Undang-Undang Reorganisasi Administrasi Kesehatan Mental dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan pemodelan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian didapatkan pada 28 daerah di Indonesia bagian yang saat ini memperluas Medicaid, prevalensi yang disesuaikan model (MAP) untuk menerima perawatan kesehatan mental di antara pendaftar Medicaid saja dengan SMI (MAP = 71,3%; 95% interval kepercayaan [CI] = 65,74%, 76,29%) adalah 30,1 % lebih besar dari rekan mereka yang tidak diasuransikan (MAP = 54,8%; 95% CI = 48,16%, 61,33%). Di Jakarta, MAP menerima perawatan kesehatan mental antara Medicaid-satunya pendaftar dengan SMI (MAP = 70,4%; 95% CI = 65,67%, 74,70%) adalah 35,9% lebih tinggi daripada rekan mereka yang tidak diasuransikan (MAP = 51,8%; 95 %CI = 46,98%, 56,65%) sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan perkiraan peningkatan penerimaan perawatan kesehatan mental karena mendaftar di Medicaid di antara orang dewasa berpenghasilan rendah yang tidak diasuransikan dengan SMI dapat membantu menginformasikan upaya perencanaan dan implementasi untuk perluasan Medicaid di bawah ACA.

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